What organization best covers the topic of failure analysis?

ASM International is the best organization for learning more about failure analysis.
Their website is at www.asminternational.org

ASM sells several books, presents courses, and publishes a magazine called the Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention.

Volume 11 of the ASM handbook is on Failure Analysis and Prevention. It was published in 2002 and updates their previous handbook volumes with the same title in the eighth and ninth editions of the Metals Handbook. ASM also has published a two volume Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis.

One of ASM’s best selling books is Understanding How Components Fail. Donald J Wulpi wrote this book. The second edition is dated 1999. The book was preceded by a much shorter book (published back in 1966) called How Components Fail. The first chapter of Understanding How Components Fail is an excellent starting point for learning about the failure analysis process. A sneak preview Acrobat file of it can be downloaded from the ASM bookstore. Look up the book by its title, scroll to the bottom of the listing and click on "Preview of a chapter".

There also is an affiliate society, called the ASM Electronic Device Failure Analysis Society (EDFAS), which works for technology advancement and the improved performance and reliability of devices and materials for the electronic industry.